智能電表中的精確功率測(cè)量，第一部分：設(shè)計(jì)考慮

　　智能電表是比常規(guī)儀表更精確地識(shí)別能源消耗的先進(jìn)設(shè)備。它們的設(shè)計(jì)目的是獲取有關(guān)何時(shí)使用能源的信息，而不僅僅是使用了多少能源，并將這些信息傳遞給本地實(shí)用程序進(jìn)行電源監(jiān)控、計(jì)費(fèi)和其他用途（圖1）。

　　為滿足先進(jìn)的計(jì)費(fèi)和能源管理服務(wù)的需求，MCU驅(qū)動(dòng)今天的智能電表和分戶計(jì)量系統(tǒng)采用高精度的模擬前端（AFE）電路和復(fù)雜的數(shù)據(jù)處理軟件。但是對(duì)于一個(gè)特定的應(yīng)用程序，究竟需要多少精確度呢？帶有集成AFE提供足夠的精度，為您的應(yīng)用程序的MCU新的作物呢？最好用硬件、軟件或兩者結(jié)合來(lái)補(bǔ)償線干擾，否則會(huì)歪曲MCU的測(cè)量結(jié)果？在這個(gè)由兩部分組成的系列中，我們將分享這些問(wèn)題的答案，并提供最新的功率測(cè)量解決方案的綜述。

　　Figure 1： Modern Smart Meters rely on sophisticated energy measurement ICs to accurately measure power consumption， provide tamper detection and， in some cases， sense power factor on a real-time basis （Courtesy of STMicroelectronics）。

　　Smart grids need smarter meters

　　In addition to the immediate benefits of automated meter reading （AMR）， utilities are moving to smart meters in order to enable advanced capabilities that allow them to run their generation and distribution networks more efficiently. The detailed data produced by smart meters enables fine-grained customer-side load management， better utilization of distributed energy resources， and so-called smart billing based on factors like time-of day， peak consumption levels， compliance with peak load management messages， and disturbances caused by reactive loads. Meanwhile， commercial and industrial customers are making increased use of intelligent sub-metering systems to help manage their loads and in turn， their utility bills.