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目的：
每天自動(dòng)接收附件為excel表格的郵件，里面包含客戶端IP地址、客戶端MAC地址、客戶端計(jì)算機(jī)名、交換機(jī)端口、交換機(jī)的名字等信息。可以給運(yùn)維人員帶來一些方便，直觀的查看那些非法的設(shè)備接入交換機(jī)的那個(gè)端口，方便遠(yuǎn)程shutdown端口（自動(dòng)shutdown端口和DHCP拉黑MAC地址，還在編寫中）。
思路：
?1、用python代碼抓取交換機(jī)的上面的信息，例如客戶端的MAC地址，交換機(jī)端口，并把抓取的信息篩選，存入sqlserver數(shù)據(jù)庫。 ?2、用Powershell抓去DHCP的信息，篩選客戶端的MAC地址，計(jì)算機(jī)名信息存入sqlserver數(shù)據(jù)庫。 ?3、通過Python代碼，調(diào)用SQL語句，把輸出結(jié)果保存到excel表格。 ?4、通過Python代碼，發(fā)送郵件。 ?5、linux通過crontab，Powershell通過自動(dòng)任務(wù)計(jì)劃，每天定時(shí)執(zhí)行代碼和腳本。
代碼塊
抓取交換機(jī)信息代碼，并保存到本地的txt。
import?pexpect import?sys import?datetime import?os today=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d') path?=?"/root/F5/"+today#創(chuàng)建文件夾 os.mkdir(path,777) ip='x.x.x.x' passwd='^^^^^' txt='F51FA-x.x.x.x.txt' name=''#交換機(jī)名字 name1="----?More?----" child=pexpect.spawn('telnet?%s'%ip)#telnet交換機(jī) fout=open('/root/F5/'+today+'/'+txt,'wb+')#輸出結(jié)果保存到此txt child.logfile?=?fout child.expect('Username:') child.sendline("admin") child.expect('(?i)ssword:') child.sendline("%s"%passwd) child.expect("%s"%name) child.sendline("dis?lldp?neighbor-information?list") child.expect("%s"%name) child.sendline("dis?mac-address") for?i?in?range(10): ??index?=?child.expect([name1,"%s"%name])#命令輸出結(jié)果如果需要空格翻頁 ??if?(?index?==?0?): ????child.send("?") ??else: ????child.sendline("quit")#如果還有其它命令可以寫在這里 ????sys.exit()
代碼塊
powershell抓取DHCP信息，并輸出到數(shù)據(jù)庫。
#數(shù)據(jù)庫配置信息 $Database = 'MAC' $Server = 'xx' $UserName = 'sa' $Password = 'xx' #powershell 抓取DHCP 可以看網(wǎng)頁 http://blog.51cto.com/wenzhongxiang/2065645 #讀取DHCPLease記錄 #$DhcpLeaseResult1 = Get-DhcpServerv4Scope -ComputerName x.x.x.x |Get-DhcpServerv4Lease -ComputerName x.x.x.x |Select-Object IPAddress,ClientId,HostName #這個(gè)命令是抓取DHCP服務(wù)器 x.x.x.x 的所有信息 只輸出IPAddress,ClientId,HostName 三列 $DhcpLeaseResult1 = Get-DhcpServerv4Lease -ComputerName x -ScopeId y.y.y.y |Select-Object IPAddress,ClientId,HostName #抓取DHCP服務(wù)器X（名字或者IP）,y.y.y.y作用域的信息，只輸出IPAddress,ClientId,HostName三列 #創(chuàng)建連接對(duì)象 $SqlConn = New-Object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection #使用賬號(hào)連接MSSQL $SqlConn.ConnectionString = "Data Source=$Server;Initial Catalog=$Database;user id=$UserName;pwd=$Password" #打開數(shù)據(jù)庫連接 $SqlConn.open() #清空數(shù)據(jù)庫里DHCPLease記錄 $SqlCmd = $SqlConn.CreateCommand() $SqlCmd.commandtext = 'TRUNCATE TABLE [MAC].[dbo].[DHCPF51F]' #數(shù)據(jù)庫表要提前建立好 $SqlCmd.ExecuteScalar() #插入最新的DHCPLease記錄 foreach($x in $DhcpLeaseResult1) { Write-Host $x.IPAddress.IPAddressToString,$x.ClientId,$x.HostName $SqlCmd.commandtext = "INSERT INTO [MAC].[dbo].[DHCPF51F] (IP,MAC,Hostname) VALUES('{0}','{1}','{2}')" -f $x.IPAddress.IPAddressToString,$x.ClientId,$x.HostName $SqlCmd.ExecuteScalar() } # #關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫連接 $SqlConn.close() Exit
代碼
把txt文檔截取需要的信息，輸出到數(shù)據(jù)庫。
import?os import?sys import?pymssql import?datetime #數(shù)據(jù)庫信息 host?=?'x.x.x.x' user?=?'sa' pwd?=?'x.x.x.x' db?=?'MAC' #登錄數(shù)據(jù)庫，并清空[MACF51F]表的內(nèi)容 conn?=?pymssql.connect(host=host,user=user,password=pwd,database=db,timeout=1,login_timeout=1,charset="utf8") cur?=?conn.cursor() sqls?=?"delete?from?[dbo].[MACF51F]"#數(shù)據(jù)庫表要提前建好 cur.execute(sqls) conn.commit() conn.close() today=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d') path?=?"/root/F5/"+today list1=os.listdir(path)#讀取文件夾下所有txt文件，注意不要放其它文檔，否則需要寫判定語句。 def?getid(linea,lineb):??? ????conn?=?pymssql.connect(host=host,user=user,password=pwd,database=db,timeout=1,login_timeout=1,charset="utf8") ????cur?=?conn.cursor()?? ????sqls1?=?"insert?into?[MACF51F]?values('%s','%s','%s')"%(linea,lineb,name)#sql語句插入數(shù)據(jù)，并命名列 ????print?(sqls) ????cur.execute(sqls1) ????conn.commit() ????conn.close() for?txt?in?list1: ????file?=?open('%s/%s'%(path,txt),'r+')#打開文件夾下的所有文檔 ????name?=?txt[:-4] ????print(txt) ????print(name) ????for?line?in?file.readlines(): ????????if?'Learned'?in?line: ????????????if?'More'in?line:#截取MAC地址，由于dhcp拉出來的MAC格式為xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx，所以我門要把交換機(jī)MACXXXX-xxxx-xxxx格式改為統(tǒng)一的 ????????????????#linea=(line[43:57]).rstrip() ????????????????linea=(line[43:45]+'-'+line[45:48]+line[48:50]+'-'+line[50:53]+line[53:55]+'-'+line[55:57]).rstrip() ????????????????lineb=(line[84:107]).rstrip() ????????????else: ????????????????#linea=(line[0:15]).rstrip() ????????????????linea=(line[0:2]+'-'+line[2:5]+line[5:7]+'-'+line[7:10]+line[10:12]+'-'+line[12:14]).rstrip() ????????????????lineb=(line[41:65]).rstrip() ????????????print(linea) ????????????print(lineb) ????????????getid(linea,lineb)
代碼
抓取兩個(gè)表中MAC地址一樣的信息，并串接成一個(gè)表，并做成excel。
import?pymssql
import?xlwt
import?datetime
workbook?=?xlwt.Workbook()
today=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')
sheet1?=?workbook.add_sheet('sheet1',cell_overwrite_ok=True)#定義sheet1
sheet1.write(0,0,'HotName')#設(shè)置列頭的名字0，0代表?0行?0列
sheet1.write(0,1,'MACAddress')
sheet1.write(0,2,'IPAddress')
sheet1.write(0,3,'Port')
sheet1.write(0,4,'SwitchName')
def?exceladd(HotName,MACAddress,IPAddress,Port,SwitchName,index):
????sheet1.write(index,0,HotName)
????sheet1.write(index,1,MACAddress)
????sheet1.write(index,2,IPAddress)
????sheet1.write(index,3,Port)
????sheet1.write(index,4,SwitchName)
host?=?'x.x.x.x'
user?=?'sa'
pwd?=?'x'
db?=?'MAC'
conn?=?pymssql.connect(host=host,user=user,password=pwd,database=db,timeout=1,login_timeout=1,charset="utf8")
cur?=?conn.cursor()
sqls?="select?Hostname,mac,ip,port,Switchname?from?[dbo].[MACF51F]?join?[dbo].[DHCPF51F]?on?MAC?=?MACADD?where?Port<>'GigabitEthernet1/0/24'?order?by?Switchname,Port"?#SQL命令?24口是上聯(lián)口?排除
cur.execute(sqls)
listall?=?cur.fetchall()#抓取sql輸出的每一行信息，并分解保存到excel表中。
index?=?1
for?line?in?listall:
????exceladd(line[0],line[1],line[2],line[3],line[4],index)
????index?+=?1
conn.commit()
conn.close()
print?('創(chuàng)建excel文件完成！')
workbook.save('/root/F5/%sF51FMAC.xls'%today)#保存excel
代碼塊
發(fā)送郵件代碼
#coding:utf-8 from?email.mime.text?import?MIMEText from?email.mime.multipart?import?MIMEMultipart import?smtplib import?datetime from?email?import?encoders from?email.mime.image?import?MIMEImage from?email.mime.base?import?MIMEBase today=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d') def?sendmail():??????? ????#創(chuàng)建一個(gè)帶附件的實(shí)例 ????msg?=?MIMEMultipart()??? ????ctype?=?'application/octet-stream' ????maintype,?subtype?=?ctype.split('/',?1) ????file?=?MIMEBase(maintype,?subtype) ????file.set_payload(open(r'/root/F5/%sF51FMAC.xls'%today,?'rb').read()) ????file.add_header('Content-Disposition',?'attachment',?filename='%sF51FMAC.xls'%today) ????encoders.encode_base64(file) ????msg.attach(file) ????#加郵件頭 ????msg_to=['xxx@xxx.com','xx@xxx.com','Klaus.Wang@xx.com','Eric.lai@xx.com'] ????msg['from']?=?'xxx@xx.com' ????msg['subject']?=?u"[接入巡檢]?%s"?%today ????msg.attach(MIMEText('接入MAC地址記錄如附件',?'plain',?'utf-8')) ????msg['to']?=','.join(msg_to)#群發(fā)需要增加的，隱藏收件人不需要此行，直接調(diào)用msg_to就可以 ????server?=?smtplib.SMTP() ????server.connect('10.17.37.96',25)#SMTP服務(wù)器地址 ????#server.connect('xx.quantacn.com',25)#需要認(rèn)證的郵件服務(wù)器 ????#server.login('xx@xx.com','xxxxxxx')?#XXX為用戶名，XXXXX為密碼 ????#server.sendmail(msg['from'],?msg['to'],msg.as_string())?單獨(dú)一個(gè)收件人 ????server.sendmail(msg['from'],?msg['to'].split(','),?msg.as_string())#收件人為多個(gè) ????#server.sendmail(msg['from'],?msg_to,?msg.as_string()) ????server.quit() ????return?'發(fā)送成功' print?(sendmail())
定期的任務(wù)計(jì)劃
1、Powershell通過windwos服務(wù)器的任務(wù)計(jì)劃每天自動(dòng)更新DHCP的信息
2、linux服務(wù)器通過crontab命令 定制python代碼的任務(wù)計(jì)劃
成果
總結(jié)
后期會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)異常端口自動(dòng)shutdown，和異常客戶端DHCP拉黑MAC地址。
編輯：黃飛
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